yo Cheng,
1. don't call me Jie Jie okie? shhh ... (not so óld) ... pappy is old ... look at how he zapped up all the figures?
2. intangible assets can be valuated through financial processes ~ Brand Valuation they called it. Was discussing this with pappy, last night.
Brand => Branded Business => Branded Enterprise
i think, this should be the evolutionary path since we are seeing more chinese brands emerging into the economics equation.
EG: for Brand Enterprise, they will play the same game as in franchising 'the rights', by giving the 'freehold' of Brand [licence] to tile up a quattro-businesses, an empire of all niche products. (endless recombination, yeah?)
So, being a solution/ integrated provider might not be the future era of business-innovations, as the marketplace is flooded with the gates of globalisation ... ???
how do you valuate your intangible assets during the rise of sovereign funds, credit tightening? (isn't this Value? or differentiation?)
i have no answer.
scribbling on,
on Brand Due Dilligence: - IP Rights, trademark design, colours patterns, symbols, class asssets, global registrations, survival class and obligations - whether the Brand is transferable between generations / innovate without consent or not; trademark validity certificate, neglect classes due to generic terms; infringements;
- intellectual processes, tracking systems;
- intellectual and legal expenses, exclusive know-how skills, creativity skills (people assets? culture?)
there are 3 approaches to do Brand valuation ...(as defined by the UK guy who did the Brand Finance thingie)
- Cost approach: diligence, factor in re-branding cost, surveys on the economic return of the brand.
- Market approach: P/E, EDITDA, DCA? EPS?
- Income approach: cashflows, premium pricing product, relief-from-royalty, royalty saving rates, avoided cost.
i know, if you can tag a Value to the intangible assets, you will have a winner for long-run [and sustainability] ... we might not see, another Coke or Pepsi business again, as the World now is getting liquidy ... can we find another ápple in the Garden of Eden?

Tangibles + Intangibles = Value? (makes sense?)

Guan Xi 关系 = Value + Network-Value? (makes more sense?)
*the above = textbook answers.